
42 LAWS OF MA'AT
OVERVIEW
In this article, we will explore the 42 Laws of Ma’at and their connection to the religious, moral and philosophical traditions of ancient Egypt. Ma’at represented the ancient Egyptian concepts of truth, balance, order, harmony, law, morality and justice. These principles were central to Egyptian civilization and influenced how people understood their responsibilities toward one another, their rulers and the wider universe. Ma’at was also associated with maintaining order against chaos, known as Isfet, and was considered essential to the stability of society and the natural world. The expression “42 Laws of Ma’at” is commonly used today to describe the 42 Negative Confessions recorded in Chapter 125 of the Book of the Dead. These declarations were associated with the judgment of the deceased, when an individual was expected to declare before divine judges that they had not committed particular wrongdoings.